TOEFL vs IELTS: Which Test Wins for Studying Abroad?

When you’re planning to study abroad, TOEFL, a standardized test designed by ETS to measure English proficiency for academic settings, primarily used in the United States and Canada. Also known as Test of English as a Foreign Language, it’s the go-to exam for universities that want to see how well you can handle lectures, textbooks, and academic writing. But if you’re eyeing the UK, Australia, or New Zealand, chances are you’ll hear about IELTS, a language proficiency test jointly managed by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge Assessment English, widely accepted across the Commonwealth and Europe. Also known as International English Language Testing System, it’s the test most schools outside North America expect you to take. These aren’t just two versions of the same thing—they’re different tools for different goals.

Here’s the real difference: TOEFL is all about academic English. You’ll listen to campus lectures, read dense textbooks, and write essays in a structured, computer-based format. Everything’s multiple choice or typed. No human interaction. It’s like taking a test in a silent lab. IELTS, on the other hand, has a live speaking test with a real person. You’ll chat about your hobbies, describe a photo, and debate a topic—just like you would in a university seminar. If you’re nervous talking to strangers, TOEFL might feel safer. If you’re better at real conversation than standardized tests, IELTS gives you a better shot.

Scoring is another big divider. TOEFL gives you a total score out of 120, broken into four sections. IELTS uses a 0-9 band scale for each section, then averages them. Most universities say they accept both, but check the fine print. Some programs list minimum TOEFL scores like 80 or 100, while others ask for IELTS 6.5 or 7.0. And here’s the kicker: some schools don’t accept IELTS Academic for engineering programs, or only take TOEFL iBT for PhD applications. Don’t assume they’re interchangeable.

Where you take the test matters too. TOEFL is mostly computer-based, with fewer test centers globally. IELTS has more locations, especially in Asia and Africa, and offers both paper and computer options. If you’re in a country with limited test centers, that could decide it for you. Cost is similar—around $200–$250—but availability and scheduling flexibility vary. TOEFL often has more frequent test dates, but IELTS lets you choose between Academic and General Training versions. If you’re applying for immigration, not university, General Training is your path.

Neither test is harder. One just fits your strengths better. If you’re strong at multiple-choice questions, fast typing, and academic vocabulary, TOEFL plays to your advantages. If you speak clearly, think on your feet, and handle conversational English well, IELTS gives you room to shine. Most students waste weeks preparing for the wrong test—then retake it. Don’t be one of them.

Below, you’ll find real comparisons, student experiences, and insider tips on how to pick the right test for your goals—without guessing. No fluff. Just what works.